how long to boil sweet potatoes

The cooking time for boiling sweet potatoes will depend on the size and thickness of the sweet potatoes. As a general guideline, it usually takes around 20-30 minutes to boil sweet potatoes until they are tender.

Here are the steps to boil sweet potatoes:

1. Scrub and wash the sweet potatoes thoroughly to remove any dirt or debris.

2. Peel the sweet potatoes if desired and cut them into small chunks or cubes for faster cooking.

3. Place the sweet potatoes in a pot of cold water and bring the water to a boil over high heat.

4. Reduce the heat to medium-low and let the sweet potatoes simmer for about 20-30 minutes, or until they are fork-tender.

5. Drain the sweet potatoes and let them cool for a few minutes before serving or using them in your recipe.

Remember to check the sweet potatoes frequently while boiling to ensure that they don't overcook and become too mushy.

how long to boil neck bones

The cooking time for neck bones can vary depending on the specific recipe and the size of the bones. In general, neck bones can take anywhere from 1 to 3 hours to boil until they are tender and fully cooked.

If you are making a soup or a stew that includes neck bones, it is recommended to boil them for at least 1-2 hours to ensure that the meat is fully cooked and falls off the bone easily.

However, if you are simply boiling neck bones to make a broth or stock, you can simmer them for as little as 30 minutes to extract the flavor and nutrients from the bones.

It's important to always check the internal temperature of the meat using a meat thermometer to ensure that it has reached a safe temperature of 165°F (74°C) before consuming.

how much salary for mortgage

The amount of salary required to obtain a mortgage depends on several factors, including the size of the mortgage, the interest rate, the length of the mortgage term, and the borrower's debt-to-income ratio.

In general, lenders typically use a debt-to-income ratio of 28% to 36% as a guideline for determining how much mortgage a borrower can afford. This means that a borrower's mortgage payment, including principal, interest, taxes, and insurance, should not exceed 28% to 36% of their gross monthly income.

For example, if a borrower's gross monthly income is $5,000, a lender may approve them for a mortgage with a monthly payment of up to $1,400 to $1,800, depending on the lender's specific guidelines and the borrower's financial situation.

However, it's important to note that these are just general guidelines and every lender may have their own criteria for determining a borrower's eligibility for a mortgage. It's always a good idea to consult with a lender or financial advisor to determine how much salary is needed to qualify for a specific mortgage.

how to become ca after 12

To become a Chartered Accountant (CA) after 12th grade, you will need to follow these steps:

1. Choose Commerce as your stream in 11th and 12th grade: To become a CA, you will need to have a strong foundation in accounting, economics, and business studies. Therefore, it is recommended that you choose Commerce as your stream in 11th and 12th grade.

2. Complete your 12th grade: You will need to pass your 12th grade exams with a minimum of 50% marks in Commerce stream.

3. Register for CA Foundation Course: After completing 12th grade, you can register for the CA Foundation Course. This course consists of four papers - Principles and Practice of Accounting, Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting, Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning and Statistics, and Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge. You will need to clear this exam to move on to the next level.

4. Complete CA Intermediate Course: After clearing the CA Foundation exam, you can register for the CA Intermediate Course. This course consists of eight papers, divided into two groups. You will need to clear both groups to move on to the next level.

5. Complete CA Final Course: After clearing the CA Intermediate exam, you can register for the CA Final Course. This course consists of eight papers, divided into two groups. You will need to clear both groups to become a qualified CA.

6. Complete Articleship Training: Along with clearing the exams, you will need to complete a three-year Articleship training under a practicing CA. During this period, you will gain practical experience and exposure to the industry.

7. Enroll as a member of ICAI: Once you have completed all the above steps, you can enroll as a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and become a qualified CA.

Becoming a CA requires hard work, dedication, and perseverance. It is a challenging yet rewarding career option that offers a wide range of opportunities in the fields of accounting, finance, taxation, and more.

how to fix a sagging refrigerator door

A sagging refrigerator door can be fixed by adjusting the hinges. Here are the steps you can follow:

1. Unplug the refrigerator from the power source to avoid any accidents.

2. Locate the hinges of the refrigerator door. They are usually located at the top and bottom of the door.

3. Use a wrench or screwdriver to loosen the screws on the top and bottom hinges.

4. With the screws loosened, lift the door up to align it with the top of the refrigerator compartment.

5. Tighten the screws on the top hinge to secure the door in place.

6. Check the alignment of the door and adjust it as needed. If the door still sags, you may need to adjust the bottom hinge.

7. To adjust the bottom hinge, repeat the same process as for the top hinge.

8. Once the door is aligned properly, check that it closes and seals properly. If not, adjust the hinges until it does.

9. Finally, plug the refrigerator back in and check that it is functioning properly.

If you are not comfortable performing these steps yourself, it is recommended to contact a professional appliance repair service to assist you.

How do fish breathe?

Fish breathe through their gills, which are located on the sides of their head. Gills are made up of thin, feathery structures called filaments, which contain a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries. As water flows over the gills, oxygen from the water diffuses into the capillaries and is carried to the fish's bloodstream. At the same time, carbon dioxide from the fish's bloodstream diffuses into the water and is carried away.

Fish use a process called countercurrent exchange to efficiently extract oxygen from the water they breathe. Water flows over the gills in one direction, while blood flows through the capillaries in the opposite direction. This allows oxygen to diffuse from the water into the blood as efficiently as possible.

It's important for fish to maintain a constant flow of water over their gills in order to keep oxygen levels high. Many fish have a specialized organ called the operculum, which helps to pump water over their gills even when they are not actively swimming.

Causes of bird extinction

There are many factors that can contribute to bird extinction, including:

1. Habitat loss and fragmentation: As human populations grow and develop land for agriculture, urbanization, and other uses, bird habitats can be destroyed or fragmented, making it difficult for birds to find suitable nesting sites, food, and shelter.

2. Climate change: Changes in temperature and weather patterns can alter bird migration patterns, affect food sources, and make it more difficult for birds to survive in their natural habitats.

3. Hunting and trapping: Some bird species are hunted or trapped for food, feathers, or other uses. Overhunting can lead to declines in bird populations, and in some cases, extinction.

4. Pollution: Chemical pollution, including pesticides and oil spills, can have a devastating impact on bird populations by contaminating their food and water sources and damaging their reproductive systems.

5. Invasive species: Non-native species that are introduced into a new habitat can outcompete native bird species for resources and prey on them.

6. Disease: Like any other living organism, birds can be susceptible to disease, and outbreaks of bird-specific diseases can wipe out entire populations.

7. Human disturbance: Activities such as recreational activities, urbanization, and other forms of human disturbance can disturb bird nesting and breeding habits, leading to population declines.